Marcela's E-Portfolio

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English as a Foreign Language Methodology

 

Description of the course

 
This course presents an overview of the most recent aspects of the English as foreign language methodology, emphasizing the socio-communicative and student oriented processes of learning. It promotes the analysis of the teaching and learning process of English in the context of the Mineduc. 
 
 

Unit 1

Argumentative Essay

 

Folder: 

PPP  Lesson plan + Scoring instruments

 

SDL Lesson plan +
Scoring instruments

Reflection on argumentative essay

I would like to start writing my reflection by highlighting that I consider very appropriate to start with the course writing an essay about what methodology is, since this helped me to realize what course would be about. At the beginning I had some ideas of what methodology could be, then thanks to the essay, now I have a clear conception of what it is. Besides, while writing the essay, it wasn’t everything about authors, since we had to include in the essay the definition that each one of us wrote in class.


Moreover, I think that it was essential to have a clear and accurate concept of what methodology means and what it involves before continuing with the course. But the essay wasn’t all about methodology; the essay also explored the importance of planning a lesson. Now that I reflect about this essay, I think that it included the main aspects of the course. What’s more, through the essay I could comprehend the importance of planning lessons and how it helps to the teaching-learning process. Considering that as teachers to be, all what methodology involves and lesson plan will be always with us, as part of our jobs, that’s why it is so vital to manage these concepts, not only in theory, but also in practice.


Reflection on PPP and SDL lesson plans + scoring instruments

Thanks to the creation of this folder, we could put into practice all our knowledge about planning a lesson. After plenty of readings and exposures to real lesson plans, we were able to plan our own lessons. Besides, thanks to the essay written some weeks ago, we knew why it is important to plan. Moreover, through the creation of this folder, the use and purpose of scoring instruments was emphasized.


On the one hand, planning two lessons including their scoring instruments was a hard task to do, since it was the first time we were planning. On the other hand, planning these two lessons was extremely useful for everyone, because we were about to start the tutorials, so it was just what we needed. Finally, I would like to point out that getting feedback from the whole work on the folder was also really valuable, since in that way we had the chance to see our mistakes and improve them.


 

Unit 2

LLP

Reflection on LLP

Language learner profile: LLP. Another long and exhausting work, even when we had done a LLP last semester. Nevertheless, the creation of a new LLP including a theoretical framework and strategies was a necessary work to do on our teach-training process. Now that I analyze the LLP, I think that one of the parts of it that took us a really long time to finish was the theoretical framework, since it was necessary to support everything with authors.


In contrast to the LLP that I had created the previous semester, in this one after interviewing someone, we had to create a class to improve those errors or problems the participant could have. Moreover, we weren’t supposed to plan any class: we had to plan with the CALLA model, this meant, with strategies. I must confess that it was difficult to plan a lesson in terms of activities to developed, because it was a one to one lesson, so at the moment of planning, we had to bear in mind that the interaction would be only teacher-student.


Thinking now how this work helped me academically, I believe that planning a lesson based on strategies helped me to notice how useful strategies are, and how necessary is to teach them to the students. We as teachers teach content, but students need the tools, the strategies in this case, to study on their own. Even if maybe strategies are innate in students, we need to raise awareness on how to make a good use of them, especially when it is about learning a foreign language.

 
 

Unit 3

Folder: Tasks + Scoring instruments

 

Course book Interview + Coursebook analysis

Reflection on folder (tasks + scoring instruments)

In the creation of this folder we had to include ten or more activities with their scoring instruments. Also, it was necessary to include the source of each activity if we they were taken from the internet, and the type of activity this was, which could be: instructional, elicitative, exploratory or experiential.


In this work, my classmate and I took some few activities from the internet, and most of them were actually adapted. The rest of the activities were created by us, which was not always easy. We had to keep in mind that every activity is a task; therefore, it needs a purpose. Besides, we worked hard trying to figure out what would be the most appropriate scoring instrument for each of the activities. This because there are many types of scoring instruments, so we had to think twice what scoring instrument we would choose and what we were assessing.


Moreover, it took us time to create activities and then the scoring instruments, because we needed to have in mind the context. It is indispensable to provide a known context in the activities so that the students can complete them successfully. This is why we also had to adapt the activities we found on the Internet, adapt them to the Chilean context.


Finally, I think that with the creation of this folder I could appreciate the use of activities and the importance of assess them through scoring instruments. Considering the wide range of them that can be found on the Internet, I believe that it is essential for teachers to make good use of the ICT's, in order to promote a variety of activities to develop, without forgetting the context and level of students. Activities can be fun and they do not have to be always filling in the gaps.




Reflection on book Interview + Coursebook analysis

In this work we had to interview a teacher to elicit her view on coursebooks. Also, we had to do a deep analysis to a coursebook. The teacher we chose for the interview provided us with good and extensive answers, so it wasn’t difficult for us to analyze then the answers according to the criteria. Maybe a more demanding task to do was to relate each criterion to an author. Nevertheless, since this was the last work of the semester, and considering how many articles we had read, now that I think about it, it wasn’t that hard to find a suitable author or article for the criteria.


Working in this assignment and analyzing coursebooks made me notice how influential coursebooks are. What’s more, even when coursebooks are a guide for teachers and students, as teachers, there are many aspects to consider, like the cultural bias, guidance, flexibility, and contextualization. Also, it is important to think about the approach developed through the coursebook, since some of them are very grammatical, and at the end, students just do not use their coursebooks.


Another aspect that I would like to highlight is that thanks to the feedback provided by the teachers, all the tasks were easier to accomplish. We received feedback and orientation on how to do not only this work, but all of them, and that was something that helped us a lot: to have the chance to recognize our mistakes, and at the same time, to fix them. I really appreciate all the feedback I received during the course and I hope in the future to not forget how useful feedback is for students, in order to improve their work, since feedback is essential for student in the process of teaching-learning.



Marcela Bascourt

Wednesday, December 3rd, 2014.

 
 

Learning and Acquisition of English as a Foreign Language
(1er semester - 2014)

 

Description of the course

This course introduces the teacher to be into the process of acquisition and learning of second languages. It presents an overview of the diverse approaches and methods to teach English as a second language. This course creates learning opportunities for the students to analyze the acquisition characteristics of each ability and system of the language and to design integrated learning units .It examines diverse learner centred strategies and foster the appropriate strategies to face the curriculum changes in the process of teaching and learning English according to the Mineduc requirements. This course must be taught in English.

(Taken from the course program )

 

Unit 1

Unit 2

 

Summary

 

Approach's presentation 

Reaction Paper

Concept Map

 

Comparative Essay

 

Unit 3 

Unit 4 

Comparative chart of the 4 abilities

Language Learner Profile (LLP)

 

  • Recording of the interview

-4:02
 

Reflections

Unit 1

This unit is characterized by being highly theoretical. It gives an introduction to the world of teaching and acquiring a second language (L2), in our case, English.  Here, some of the authors that we studied are Paul Nation, Vivian Cook, Noam Chomsky, Stephen Krashen, Roger Brown, Larry Selinker, David Nunan, and last but not least, Lightbown & Spada.

 

When studying Nation, we learnt about the issue of L2 in the classroom, and the most proper way to deal with it, in order to not ban the L2 inside the classroom, but to turn it down. To study Nation in a more deep way, we wrote a summary of one of his works, which helped us to increase our knowledge of the L1 and the L2 in the classroom, a problem that can be seen in the Chilean education most of the time. In my opinion, the analysis of Nation helps us to avoid the misuse of the mother tongue when teaching a second language. Later, a reaction paper was written to analyze the work of Cook and Nation in terms of the acquisition of a second language, through interaction, as individual and inside the classroom. 


To move on, then we worked analyzing Chomsky and Krashen theories, by writing a comparative essay. This essay allowed us to know more about the different theories formulated by the authors, to know how children acquired their first language, and also how leaners acquire a second language, everything from a cognitivist and social point of view, depending on the author. I firmly believe that having worked on this essay gave the tools for, in the future, teaching based not only in our believes, but also on different authors and theories.


 

Units 2 and 3

I decided to join these units, since both are pretty similar. In the second unit, we studied different approaches and methods, by presenting them in front of the class, working in pairs. My classmate and I presented the Communicative Language Teaching approach, based on the book "Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching" by Larsen Freeman. In my opinion, to have exposed about the CLT approach was great, since it is one of the currently approaches that teachers should use if they see language as a real communicative process. Also, the activities exposed in the approach are based on real communication, which allows students to really use the language outside the classroom. It is an approach that definitely I will take into consideration once teaching. 


Then, in the third unit, the half of the class presented the four skills: Speaking, writing, listening and reading. I tried to attend to most of the classes, in order to learn more about how the different skills are acquired and taught, mainly. Then, to summarize, we created a chart comparing the four skills and their main features. On the other hand, to my mind it is extremely important to know every detail about each skill if we are teaching a language; it is the base. Also, when teaching a L2 we should not focus in only one skill, there must be balance, and that is a essential concept to have in mind.


 

Unit 4

The last unit. Here, we analyzed the basic questions as future teachers of a second language: How do we teach grammar?, how do we teach pronunciation?, how do we teach vocabulary? I consider that these are questions which are very important for us as English pedagogy students. Especially now, since next semester we will have our first practice as teachers, working with students from our University.  


In this unit, we work on a Language Learner Profile (LLP), where we had to interview a student with a basic level of English, good enough to answer the interview. Then, we made a phonetic transcription of it. Also, we had to analyze the mistakes that the student made in terms of grammar, pronunciation and syntax. I have to admit that it was an exhausting work, but at the end of the day, it made me improve my knowledge of the concepts of grammar, syntax, lexis, etc. It is of big importance to know the theories, but also to know how to apply them in the educational field, and to my mind, that it what occurred. On the whole, the course is fundamental for students of the English pedagogy major. How we can become teachers, if we do not know how students learn, how they acquire a language. Honestly, the course was much more useful than what I expected. Now I'm looking forward to applying what  I learnt into practice.